BP oil spill 10 years later: Kemp's ridleys even more endangered

A new National Wildlife Federation report, 10 Species, 10 Years Later: A Look at Gulf Restoration after the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, looks at the latest information available about ten wildlife species that were affected by the BP oil spill as well as the restoration underway. The report describes several species that are still struggling a decade later including corals, coastal bottlenose dolphins and Kemp's ridley sea turtles.

NWF says that the endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtle’s once-promising recovery seems to have halted in 2010. Before 2009, Kemp’s ridley nests were burgeoning at a rate of about 19 percent a year; nesting has been erratic since the spill. Coastal bottlenose dolphins in oiled areas are still sick and dying a decade later. Successful births remain less than a quarter of normal levels. Corals in several locations — including some colonies that are more than six centuries old — still show signs of oil damage and are not expected to recover.

In a press call recently, David Muth, director of Gulf of Mexico restoration, said: "This was an extraordinary event, the largest oil spill in U.S. history and it caused extraordinary harm, triggered an extraordinary response."

The BP oil spill that began April 20, 2010 caused 11 men to die from the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon rig off the Lousiana coast. The battle to cap the Macondo well caused a scramble on the part of both British-based petroleum behemoth BP and the U.S. government. It was finally capped 87 days later, after a horrific cost to the Gulf of Mexico - from wildlife to marine life to the environment and residents.

The report describes restoration activities underway on behalf of Gulf wildlife, such as how restored barrier islands in Louisiana are providing a nesting habitat for brown pelicans and laughing gulls, as well as other coastal birds harmed by the oil spill such as terns and skimmers; and how endangered Kemp’s ridley sea turtles are benefiting from a multi-faceted project, which includes funding for protecting a nesting beach in Texas, and enhancing capacity to assist injured sea turtles Gulf-wide.

Jessica Bibza, policy specialist on the National Wildlife Federation’s Gulf of Mexico restoration program, said, “Many questions about the impacts of the oil spill on wildlife and habitats remain unanswered to this day.”

And Muth said: “Right now, we have an unprecedented opportunity to meaningfully improve the health and resilience of the Gulf of Mexico. Great projects are being put in the ground from Texas to Florida. We need to continue to focus on helping Gulf wildlife and their habitats recover from the oil spill while increasing their resilience to sea-level rise and increasingly extreme storms. We also need to make sure that all restoration investments are based on sound science.”

A 2016 Department of Justice settlement with BP resulted in the largest environmental bill in U.S. history, $20.8 billion, with the five Gulf coast states. So far, Muth says only $4b has been spent. He looks forward to putting the rest of the money to good purpose. "It is an opportunity we cannot afford to squander."

To read the report, visit: https://restorethegulf.nwf.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/nwf_gulfreport2020_web.pdf

Photo: By NPS Staff (Padre Island National Seashore, Division of Sea Turtle Science and Recovery) - NPGallery, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=80049956. NOTE: The area where these Kemp's ridleys exist is miles from where the spill occurred, but there is evidence of migration from other parts of the Gulf.

BP oil spill 10th anniversary: still unanswered questions concerning Corexit, human and wildlife toll

Ten years ago 11 rig workers lost their lives working on the Deepwater Horizon out in the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of Louisiana. Their names were Jason Anderson, Aaron Dale Burkeen, Donald "Duck" Clark, Stephen Ray Curtis, Gordon Jones, Roy Wyatt Kemp, Karl Kleppinger, Keith Blair Manuel, Dewey Revette, Shane Roshto and Adam Weise. I offer my deepest condolences to their families and ask that the public remember them.

They were not the only victims of the BP oil spill.

I reported on the effects of the tragedy for Examiner.com, and was even invited to speak about my coverage at the University of Georgia for "Building Bridges in Crisis" along with reporters from NPR and The New York Times. During my speech that day in January 2011 I spoke about the horrors that occurred, how I had "colored out of the lines" to find sources, including sick Gulf residents and their children. I talked about conference calls with those in charge of the spill, namely Admiral Thad Allen, who told me, "Issues related to offshore drilling and the moratorium ...are really above my pay grade." He said he would leave policy to the policy makers.

I said I was excited to interview biogeochemist Samantha Joye from University of Georgia, under the headline "Academics Help Keep Feds Honest". And in the quest for honesty, I never bought one aspect of the "recovery" and that was the use of Corexit. Shirley Tillman, an activist, took remarkable photos of turtles and bird parts. She was convinced that the foamy water that surrounded these perished wildlife and marine life was evidence that Corexit was still being used in the Gulf long after the feds officially had stated it was occurring.

I am writing this April 20, 2020, during the heat of the greatest catastrophe of my lifetime, Covid-19. Knowing that the coronavirus is especially toxic to the elderly and those with preexisting conditions, it is a natural leap to realize that Corexit, the dispersant banned in England, sickened and even killed individuals along the Gulf. I think of the mother of a young woman I interviewed, 62-year-old Fritzi Presley, a blonde chanteuse from Gulfport, Miss. who very tragically died September 25, 2017. While the official diagnosis was COPD, Presley and her family and friends fought long and hard to prove that Corexit was the culprit. In a video called "Leaving with Grace: A Conversation with Ms Fritzi" Presley, wearing a breathing tube and yet still smiling, explained to the cameraman why she was nearing death. It was not because of COPD, but then, she could not prove her case to the country doctors she'd known all her life. She was kind. She did not blame them. It was clear who she blamed: "“You can’t connect A with C because we have moneyed up B."

Presley grew up in Mississippi, and her heart was in that Gulf. She said she just wanted her family to enjoy the same pleasures she had there, like the "feelin' of the sand stickin' to the backs of your legs when you're runnin' across the beach ...!" It inspired a tear - my mother grew up near the Gulf in South Texas, and I recall fondly frolicking on those shores. That is why, when I heard about the spill, I knew I had to cover it. I also recall exactly how much oil would stick to my feet on a given outing when I was a kid in the 1960s. It is an area rife with deepwater drilling, and yet it never suffered anything as oppressive as the April 2010 disaster: 200 million gallons of crude oil was pumped into the Gulf of Mexico for 87 days, making it the biggest oil spill in U.S. history. Finally on July 15, the Macondo well, site of the gusher, was capped. Yet the cost to the Gulf by air dropping Corexit in the preceding weeks was horrific.

By using Corexit, a dispersant banned in the very country where it was made, the UK, the government and BP aggravated the cost to the Gulf. While it made things prettier at the surface, below marine life and above wildlife and humans suffered greatly. In a report by the Government Accountability Project, the truth about Corexit was exposed. They write: "The only so-­‐called advantage of Corexit is the false impression that the oil disappears – in reality, the more toxic chemical mixture spreads throughout the environment, or settles on the seafloor." In 2012 a study from Georgia Tech and Universidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes in Environmental Pollution showed that Corexit used during the spill had increased the toxicity of the oil by up to 52 times.

In addition to Fritzi Presley, her daughter and her granddaughter Bella, now 6, suffered greatly because of Corexit. Proving this, for whatever reasons, was impossible. Perhaps one need only be reminded of Presley's comment about money. Daughter Daisy Seal, 39, tells me now: "I lived a few blocks away from the beach during the spill. I was on the beach the day of. I had gotten tar all over my feet and nothing would get it off. I finally had to scrub them with gas. I do not go to the beach any more."

Five years ago I wrote about Seal's daughter Bella, who today needs a kidney transplant to save her life, born after her mother suffered innumerable miscarriages. I reported then:

She was born with severe health problems.

"I don't want people to feel sorry for her," the mother says simply, and indeed Bella is a bright and beautiful little girl. But she is underweight, her kidneys haven't worked since birth, Seal says. She has end-stage renal failure and rickets.

It's actually too much for a journalist to even listen to. How can a mother manage?

"She has problems with calcium being too high and it causes her bones to be brittle and for them to twist and not grow properly and her brain not to have a chance to grow like it is supposed to," says Seal. "And her parathyroid hormones might have to be removed because they can't get hormones down."

Seal told me this week via e-mail that, "To this day they still do not know what caused her kidney failure. But she is an awesome kid. She is unable to attend school because of her many medical problems...I am too busy playing nurse and just running everyday errands. We live a few miles from the beach now in an apartment." On a happier note, she has a 17-year-old son, Noah, who will join the Air Force soon, and a four-year-old, Madden, who is healthy apart from ADHD.

It is no accident that in my years of reporting on the spill I covered a Tulane study examining the miscarriages and ill effects on pregnant women following the Gulf disaster. As a reporter I promise to continue following up on studies such as these including studies that look at the impacts of Corexit.

A National Wildlife Federation spokesperson sent me some information including this paragraph from a report they published in 2016, when I asked about Corexit's damage to wildlife and marine life, as opposed to just oil:

"Dispersants May Have Made Things Worse: A National Academy of Sciences study found that chemical dispersants did not accelerate oil biodegradation and may have even suppressed it. A separate Florida State University study found that dispersants were able to eliminate about 21 percent of the oil on the surface of the Gulf, but at the cost of spreading the remaining oil over a 49 percent larger area. As the toxicity of oil often increases when mixed with dispersants, it is likely that the use of dispersants exacerbated the Deepwater Horizon disaster’s impacts on fish and wildlife."

President Obama said in a national address regarding the government and BP's efforts to cap Macondo, in a video Jun 25, 2010,"Stopping it has tested the limits of human technology." And the millions of gallons of oil gushing into the Gulf "were more like an epidemic - one we will be fighting for years."

Tomorrow, the wildlife toll.

PHOTOS: TOP: By Technical Sergeant Adrian Cadiz - US Air Force public affairs story direct link, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10277175; Second - Fritzi Presley and friends John and Cindy; Botton - Daisy and daughter Bella.

To contribute to Bella's health fund, please visit this page.

National Wildlife Federation, Tulane Issue Recommendations for a More Resilient New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS -- Today the National Wildlife Federation (NWF) and the Tulane University ByWater Institute released recommendations on how the City of New Orleans can "actively build coastal resiliency across the metro region."

It's no secret that New Orleans has lost an area the size of Rhode Island, over 2,000 square miles in 80 years, due to coastal erosion. With climate change threatening to amp up extreme weather events, there's never been a more critical time to rally forces and buttress the Big Easy. To the extent that that's possible, of course.

The recommendations announced today derive from a planning session held earlier this year when 40 representatives of business and industry, state and local governments, academia, non-profit organizations and community-based groups met to discuss how NOLA can assist in making coastal Louisiana more physically, economically and socially resilient, according to an NWF release.

The report's executive summary states that, "According to the State of Louisiana’s Coastal Master Plan, a future without action could mean a loss of roughly 2,250 square miles of land over the next 50 years."

The recommendations center around: coordinating with regional partners across city departments, communicating the rationale for immediate and sustained action and promoting equitable solutions that enable New Orleans and the region to thrive.

“The reality is that, while many residents may not think of New Orleans this way, our Crescent City is a coastal city,” said David Muth , director of NWF’s Gulf Restoration Program. “Healthy coastal wetlands all around New Orleans provide a critical buffer from storm surge and protection for our communities. Without them, our citizens are at increased risk from the impacts of extreme storms and sea level rise.”

Tulane President Mike Fitts said the report highlights the inextricable link between the future of New Orleans and future of Louisiana’s coast.

“As our home for 184 years, the health and sustainability of New Orleans as a coastal city is a top priority of Tulane University,” he said.

Muth said the recommendations provide steps forward in creating a path of forward-thinking resilience, accounting for coastal adaptation and restoration of wetlands: maintaining affordable insurance options for residents and businesses, supporting New Orleans communities inside and outside the levee system, creating an economic development plan for the water economy and engaging youth in issues related to coastal environments.

Mayor Mitch Landrieu weighed in: “Climate change is a threat that affects us all, and it is a real and present danger to our coastal communities. Here in Louisiana, we face a triple threat: subsidence, coastal erosion and sea level rise. If unchecked, New Orleans, like many coastal cities, will cease to exist. Time is of the essence in combatting this critical existential threat, and our coastal city is on the front line.”

The full report can be found here.

Photos by Laurie Wiegler: New Orleans' Napoleon House restaurant and bar and flying out of the Big Easy after the BP oil spill, Aug. 2010.

Eight years ago, the 87-day BP Gulf oil spill had just begun

This year I am not in the Gulf of Mexico or even in America. I'm in the UK, where BP gas stations are ubiquitous and where people don't seem to fathom the enormity of the great environmental disaster that ravaged Louisiana coastal communities, in particular.

It's been eight years today, April 20, since the tragic moment the Deepwater Horizon rig exploded and with it, eleven fine men, rig workers from the region, perished. These men were: Jason Anderson, Dale Burkeen, Donald Clark, Stephen Curtis, Gordon Jones, Roy Kemp, Karl Kleppinger, Blair Manuel, Dewey Revette, Shane Roshto, and Adam Weise.

Audubon's David Yarnold released the following statement regarding the tragedy:

”Eight years ago 11 people died in the worst environmental tragedy the U.S. has ever seen. Restoration has just begun in earnest, and the passage of time won’t erase BP’s recklessness. In fact, we’re more concerned than ever about the rollback of laws and regulations that are helping to rebuild the Gulf.

Thanks to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, BP paid $100 million in fines for causing the deaths of one million birds. But we’re alarmed by efforts in Congress and the Department of the Interior to weaken that law, (which) would give BP or others a free pass for killing birds in future spills.

It’s ridiculous to try and make the case after 100 years that this law can’t coexist with best industry practices when we have a century of proof to the contrary.

Audubon will oppose these bird-killing moves—we will engage our 1.2 million members who represent America’s political spectrum. We will bring 113 years of commitment to bird protection to safeguard one of the most important bird conservation laws in America.”

Yarnold points out that over 87 days, 130 million gallons of oil were "dumped into the Gulf of Mexico killing a million birds and other marine life."

Besides the oil that flooded the Gulf, an equally toxic blight, Corexit, sickened those birds, wildlife, marine life (including endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtles and dolphins) and notably, humans. Reports of sick children and families, particularly those who worked on the Vessels of Opportunity (cleanup crews run by BP and the U.S. Government) complained of chest pains, rashes, and more.

At meetings in the Gulf following the spill, images by noted photographers such as Mario Tama of Getty were published that show how this dispersant, banned in the very country that makes it (England), affected the workers. Red rashes all up the arms or legs; extreme weakening; breathing difficulties. These were just some of the physical effects the poor people of the Gulf of Mexico had to "prove" in order to get their compensation, and in many cases, some of them were too spent to fight for their rights.

Deepwater drilling continues. Men and women need to make a living. While stricter safety measures have been put in place by BP, how can that ever be enough? Despite environmentalists' and concerned citizens outcry, this appears to be a risk not only the company but the people of the Gulf appear willing to take. Now.

PHOTO: US Coast Guard, Wikimedia Commons Images.

EPA Approves Emergency Fuel Waiver for Florida

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Scott Pruitt on Thursday approved a request from Florida Governor Rick Scott for an emergency fuel waiver to ensure enough diesel fuel across the state for ongoing response efforts to Hurricane Irma, EPA announced in a release.

The Agency has waived the highway diesel fuel red dye requirements to allow the use of 15 parts per million sulfur non-road diesel fuel for on-highway vehicles in Florida, effective through October 6, 2017. Diesel fuel distributed under this waiver may not be introduced into terminal storage tanks from which diesel is dispensed into trucks for distribution to retail outlets after that date.

In the U.S., the EPA mandates use of a red dye to identify high-sulfur fuels for off-road use. Detection of red-dyed fuel in the fuel system of cars and other vehicles brings significant penalties.

The waiver authority was exercised under the Clean Air Act and granted by Pruitt, along with the U.S. Secretary of Energy Rick Perry.

EPA said in its release that they and the Department of Energy "evaluated the situation and determined that granting a short-term waiver was consistent with the public interest."

The EPA and the DOE are "actively" monitoring the fuel supply situation as a result of Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria.

More information: www.epa.gov/enforcement/fuel-waivers.

Photo: Wikimedia Commons Images

EPA and Tex. Commission on Environmental Quality Release Statement on Harvey Floodwater Hazards

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality released the following statement today, in regards to the water quality of flood-impacted areas from Hurricane Harvey:

“EPA and TCEQ are aware that releases of wastewater from sanitary sewers occur during major flood events. The agencies actively work to monitor those facilities that have reported spills, as well as conducting outreach and providing technical guidance to all other wastewater facilities in flood-impacted areas.

“Floodwaters may contain many hazards, including bacteria and other disease agents. Precautions should be taken by anyone involved in cleanup activities or any others who may be exposed to flood waters. These precautions include heeding all warnings from local and state authorities regarding boil water notices, swimming advisories, or other safety advisories. In addition to the drowning hazards of wading, swimming, or driving in swift floodwaters, these waters can carry large objects that are not always readily visible that can cause injuries to those in the water. Other potential hazards include downed power lines and possible injuries inflicted by animals displaced by the floodwaters.

“Federal and state mobile command is currently about 200 people, who are working elbow-to-elbow, starting in Corpus Christi and moving east with primary responsibility of the health and safety of those affected by Hurricane Harvey. As we continue to respond to this natural disaster and its devastating effects on the people of Texas, the biggest threat to public health at this time is ensuring they have access to safe drinking water and ensuring waste water systems are being monitored, tested for safety and managed appropriately.”

U.S. Army photo by 1st Lt. Zachary West, Wikimedia Commons Images.

Harmful algal blooms in Gulf of Mexico heighten environmental concern post BP spill

Harmful algal blooms can suck the oxygen out of the water column and mean certain death for fish, marine animals and birds, and cause toxic effects for people and local economies.

NOAA's Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services is providing routine HAB forecasts to help members of the public make informed decisions when a bloom is temporarily affecting their area. The forecasts also aid people responsible for responding to bloom impacts, according to NOAA's website.

Gulf of Mexico HAB Forecast - CO-OPS issues forecasts twice a week for the eastern and western Gulf of Mexico after confirmation of a HAB of the red tide species, Karenia brevis, and once weekly during the inactive bloom season. Red tide is the name for algal bloom when it is caused by a few species of dinoflagellates, a kind of aggressive plankton, and the bloom takes on a reddish color.

A bloom of some dinoflagellates can result in a discoloration of the water column (red tide), which can cause shellfish poisoning if humans consume contaminated shellfish. Some dinoflagellates also exhibit bioluminescence—primarily emitting blue-green light.

Currently, areas of the Gulf such as Padre Island in South Texas have experienced red tide, which can affect breathing quality for beach combers and kill marine life in the area.

As seen in this photo, algal blooms can contribute to what is called a dead zone, an area of hypoxia. Some dead zones occur naturally, but more and more this lack of oxygen stems from human causes - chemical runoff, for example, and the contribution to oxygen-depleting algal bloom.

PHOTO: Wikimedia Commons Images, NOAA, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AGulf_dead_zone.jpg.